She was born in 1983 in Istanbul. She completed her middle and high school education at Kadıköy İmam Hatip High School in 2000, and in 2003, she earned her bachelor's degree in sociology and history at Indiana University, Bloomington.
In 2014, she received her PhD in the field of cultural and political sociology from the University of California, Berkeley. Her main academic interests include different models of religion-state relations, dependencies, and comparative education systems.
Since 2013, Albayrak has actively participated in numerous projects with significant social impact in many national and international non-governmental organizations. She is married and the mother of four children.